EPHRAIM BEN JACOB OF BONN
- EPHRAIM BEN JACOB OF BONN
- EPHRAIM BEN JACOB OF BONN (b. 1132), liturgical poet and
commentator. When his teacher Joel b. Isaac ha-Levi left Bonn, Ephraim
succeeded him as av bet din. He also taught for some time in
Mainz and Speyer. In 1197, he resided in Bonn and Neuss, leaving the
latter town only three days before its Jews were massacred. He appears
to have died shortly thereafter. Ephraim wrote the Sefer
Zekhirah ("Book of Remembrance") and dirges on the sufferings of
the Jews during the Second Crusade. He also composed piyyutim
for the festivals, 27 of which (two in Aramaic) have been published. His
commentary on piyyutim still exists in manuscript; it
contains many traditional details concerning the early liturgical poets,
poems, and liturgical customs (Hamburg, Ms. no. 152). The well-known
legend describing the martyrdom of amnon of mainz , as well as the
legend concerning the early paytan R. Yannai , who
out of jealousy of his pupil R. Eleazar Kallir put a scorpion in
his shoe, are attributed to him. He also wrote tosafot and
commentaries to the treatises of Eruvin, Ketubbot, and
Avot, besides halakhic responsa and commentaries to
benedictions and various customs. R. Ephraim is also referred to in his
hymns as "Shalom"; it was possibly an additional name. The meaning of
the word ילִיבייה added to his name has not yet been clarified. It has
been suggested that he had a German name such as Geliebter
("beloved") which was commonly pronounced "yelība."
-BIBLIOGRAPHY:
A.M. Habermann (ed.), Gezerot Ashkenaz ve-Ẓarefat (1945),
115–36; Davidson, Oẓar, 4 (1933), 369, S.V.
Efrayim mi-Bona (b. Ya'akov); Zunz, Lit Poesie, 288–93; Germ
Jud, 1 (1934), 49–50, no. 6; V. Aptowitzer, Mavo le-Sefer
Ravyah (1938), 319–21; Habermann, in: YMḤSI, 7
(1958), 215–96; Baron, Social, index.
(Abraham Meir Habermann)
Encyclopedia Judaica.
1971.
Look at other dictionaries:
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